Diabetes, a chronic metabolic condition, has become a pressing global health issue as modern lifestyles grow more fast-paced and dietary patterns evolve. The International Diabetes Federation (IDF) Global Diabetes Map (10th Edition, 2021) reports that approximately 537 million adults aged 20–79 are currently living with diabetes worldwide. This number is expected to rise to 643 million by 2030 and 783 million by 2045. Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) testing, the benchmark for evaluating long-term blood sugar management, plays an increasingly critical role in addressing this growing epidemic.
